Monday 7 March 2011

Internet Timeline

1990. ARPAnet ends. Tim Berners-Lee creates the World Wide Web.
1992"Surfing the Internet" is coined by Jean Armour Polly.
1993. Mosaic Web browser developed by Marc Andreesen at University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana.
. InterNICcreated.
• Web grows by 341,000 percent in a year.
April 1994. Netscape Communications founded.
• Jeff Bezos writes the business plan for Amazon.com.
. Java's first public demonstration.
Dec. 1994Microsoft licenses technology from Spyglass to create Web browser forWindows 95.
May 23, 1995. Sun Microsystems releases Java.
August 24, 1995. Windows 95 released.
1996. Domain name tv.com sold to CNET for $15,000. Browser wars begin. Netscape and Microsoft two biggest players.
1997. business.com sold for $150,000.
January 1998. Microsoft reaches a partial settlement with the Justice Department that allows personal computer makers to remove or hide its Internet software on new versions of Windows 95.
. Netscape announces plans to give its browser away for free.
1998. US Depart of Commerce outlines proposal to privatize DNS. ICANNcreated by Jon Postel to oversee privatization. Jon Postel dies.
1999•AOL buys Netscape; Andreesen steps down as full-time employee.
• Browsers wars declared over; Netscape and Microsoft share almost 100% of browser market.
• Microsoft declared a monopoly by US District Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson.
•Shawn Fanning creates Napster, opening the possibilities of peer-to-peer file sharing and igniting a copyright war in the music industry.
2000. Fixed wireless, high-speed Internet technology is now seen as a viable alternative to copper and fiber optic lines placed in the ground.
. The Dot-Com Bubble bursts. A majority of the dot-coms ceased trading after burning through their venture capital, often without ever making a net profit.
January 10, 2000• AOL Merges with Time-Warner. AOL shareholders take 55% stake in newly formed company.
February 2000. A large-scale denial of service attack is launched against some major Web sites like Yahoo! and eBay, alerting Web sites to the need for tighter security measures.
. 10,000,000 domain names have been registered.
September 2000. There are 20,000,000 websites on the Internet, numbers doubling since February 2000.
July 2001. A federal judge rules that Napster must remain offline until it can prevent copyrighted material from being shared by its users.
. The Code Red worm and Sircam virus infiltrate thousands of web servers and email accounts, respectively, causing a spike in Internet bandwidth usage and security breaches.
November 2001. The European Council adopts the first treaty addressing criminal offenses committed over the Internet.
. First uncompressed real-time gigabit HDTV transmission across a wide-area IP network takes place on Internet2.
January 2002. .name begins resolving
January 2003. The SQL Slammer worm causes one of the largest and fastest spreading DDoS attacks ever, taking only 10 minutes to spread worldwide.
. The Internet celebrates its 'unofficial' 20th birthday.
September 2003. The RIAA sues 261 individuals for allegedly distributing copyright music files over peer-to-peer networks
December 2003. The Research project "How much information 2003" finds that Instant messaging generates five billion messages a day (750GB), or 274 Terabytes a year and that e-mail generates about 400,000 terabytes of new information each year worldwide.
2005. YouTube.com launches
2006. There are an estimated 92 million Web sites online
May 2006. A massive DDOS assault on Blue Security, an anti-spam company, is redirected by Blue Security staff to their Movable Type-hosted blog. The result is that the DDOS instead knocks out all access to over 1.8 million active blogs.
August 2006. AOL announces that they will give for free virtually every service for which it charged a monthly fee, with income coming instead from advertising.
October
2006
. There are an estimated 92 million Web sites online (some stats say over 100 million)
. Google Inc. acquires YouTube for $1.65 billion in a stock-for-stock transaction.
January 2007. Microsoft launches its various consumer versions of Microsoft Vista.
February 2007. Apple surpasses one billion iTunes downloads.
March 2007. 1.114 billion people use the Internet according to Internet World Stats.
April 2007. Search engine giant Google surpasses Microsoft as "the most valuable global brand," and also is the most visited Web site.


http://www.webopedia.com/quick_ref/timeline.asp

Friday 4 March 2011

The Long Tail Theory

This is the long tail theory graph. Long tail theory basically states that sales of new products is of the same level as niche products in the long term and can earn a business just as much revenue as newer 'better selling titles'. `there are still huge hits and the still get most of our attention, but in economic terms they are only equally significant to the 'flattened' tail of niche sales - more of less. So basically niche markets that were formally large will add up to the same sales as the debut period over time. This is due to popularity of the product dropping over time.

Music product that follows Chris Anderson's theory.
Tinie Tempah - Disc-Overy.
Released; October 1, 2010.
Sales in the first week; 84,993 - Debuted 1st in UK billboard.
Sales in the second week; 35,800 - Dropped to Second in UK Billboard.
--------------------------------120,793 ---- Total sales after second week.
January 2, 2011, "Disc-Overy" went up 22 places to number 4

The Social Network

The Social Network is a film about the setup and first 6 to 12 months of Facebook.
It starts out showing Mark Zuckerberg with his ex girlfriend who just happens to split up with him. In a rage he first blogged about her while hacking sororities photos so he could set up a website, Facesmash to make himself feel better. This rated girls against each other to see who was 'hotter'.
Seeing the success of this Zuckerberg was perused by Cameron and Tyler Winklevoss who wanted to set up a dating website for Harvard students knows as the Harvard connection. After the first meeting or two Zuckerberg took somewhat of the same idea and used different processes to set up 'the facebook' a complete social network site for only people with a harvard email address.

Soon afterward, Mark approaches Eduardo and tells him of his idea for what he calls "Thefacebook", an online social networking website exclusive to Harvard University students. He explains this would let people share personal and social information securely. Eduardo agrees to help Mark, providing $1,000 to help start the site. They distribute the link to Eduardo's connections at the Phoenix S-K final club, and it quickly becomes popular throughout the student body. When they learn of Thefacebook, the Winklevoss twins and Narendra believe Zuckerberg had stolen their idea while stalling on their website. Tyler and Divya want to sue Mark for intellectual property theft, but Cameron convinces them they can settle the matter as "Harvard gentlemen" without the courts. Meanwhile, Mark continues to add features like "relationship status" to the profile page, since "people don't walk around wearing signs."
At a visiting lecture by Bill Gates, fellow Harvard University student Christy Lee introduces herself and her friend Alice Cantwel to Eduardo and Mark. She asks the boys "Facebook us"; their use of this phrase impresses both of them. Christy invites them to a bar where Mark runs into Erica, who is not aware of Thefacebook because she is not a Harvard student. Mark decides to expand the site to more schools. As Thefacebook grows in popularity, they expand to other schools in the Northeastern United States, while the Winklevoss twins and Narendra become angrier at seeing "their idea" advance without them. Cameron refuses to sue them, instead accusing Mark of violating the Harvard student Code of Conduct. Through their father's connections they arrange a meeting with Harvard President Larry Summers, who is dismissive and sees no potential value in either a disciplinary action or in Thefacebook website itself.
Through Christy, now Eduardo's girlfriend, Eduardo and Mark arrange a meeting with Napster co-founder Sean Parker. When Christy, Mark, and Eduardo meet Sean, Eduardo becomes skeptical noting Sean's problematic personal and professional history. Christy thinks Eduardo is jealous of Sean, and attempts to calm him to avoid a scene. Sean presents a vision for Facebook similar to Mark's and impresses him. In a parting comment, Sean suggests they drop the "The" from Thefacebook.
At Sean's suggestion, Mark moves the company to Palo Alto, while Eduardo remains in New York seeking advertising support. Meanwhile in England, while competing in the Henley Royal Regatta for Harvard, the Winklevoss twins discover Facebook has expanded to a number of universities there. Cameron finally relents and they decide to sue. When Eduardo visits from New York, he is angered to find Sean is living at the house they have rented and is making business decisions for Facebook. After arguing with Mark, Eduardo freezes the company's bank account and returns to New York. Upon returning, Christy argues with Eduardo about his Facebook profile, which still lists him as "single". When Christy questions Eduardo about why he has not changed his Facebook profile, he tells her he does not know how to, further infuriating Christy because she believes he is lying. She cites his profile as evidence he cheated on her with promiscuous women in Silicon Valley and sets fire to a scarf he has given to her. While Eduardo extinguishes the fire, Mark reveals on the phone that they have secured money from an angel investor through Parker's contacts. Eduardo ends his relationship with Christy.
Eduardo soon discovers the deal he signed with Sean's investors has allowed them to dilute his share of the company from thirty-four percent to three hundredths of a percent, while maintaining the ownership percentage of all other parties. He confronts Mark and announces his intention to sue him. Later that night, during a party celebrating Facebook's 1 millionth member, Sean and a number of Facebook interns are arrested for possession of cocaine.
The framing device throughout the film shows Mark testifying in depositions in two lawsuits: one filed by the Winklevoss twins, and the other filed by Eduardo. In the final scene, a junior lawyer for the defense informs Mark they should settle with Eduardo, since the sordid details of Facebook's founding and Mark's personality will make a jury highly unsympathetic. The film ends with Mark sending a friend request to Erica on Facebook, and refreshing the page every few seconds waiting for a response.

Thursday 3 March 2011

Wikinomics - 5 ideas


1. By Adam.
Peering is used in the music industry online. Peering is good for new music artists as it gives them the opportunity to upload and share their music and build a fan base and try to get noticed by a record label. On the other hand however once this new music artist begins to charge for their music, peering makes it easier for the artist's fans to illegally and freely download music, which will negatively effect the music artist.

2. Free Creativity.
Free creativity is a natural and positive outcome of the free market, it basically lets artist share their artistic works through the Internet.

This is a screen grab from Sound Cloud where people in bands who create music individually can upload their own music to the site and then share through facebook and other social networking sights. The screen grab is from my friends profile who uploads his personal works and works the he has created at university. He then shares them with his friends and gets creative feedback from everyone. This could also act as an oppertunity for him to just send links to people in the media world or for him to be 'discovered' such as artists like Jessie J and Justin Bieber on youtube.com by uploading videos of them singing.
A few examples for music sharing that may not come from the artist include www.spotify.com, Www.mediafire.com, www.it-leaked.com, and Napster.
Media is democratised by peering, free creativity and we media produced by ordinary people

The BBC publish stories online and on television about events in the news, they include footage and information gained by people working for them. however they also include information gained by the public through interviews and footage that they have recorded, this is known as 'We-Media' where the public actively participate in the contribution towards the final outcome of the news. Another example of we media is people discussing news events on social networking websites such as twitter. A common example of this is 9/11 where most of the well known footage was shot by the public, this was then used by companies such as the BBC.

These images are examples of a virtual space. It is a prime example of just how many blogs are created every day.
Twitter and Tumblr are just 2 of many popular social networking sites that contribute to global communication.


5. By Anna.
The combination of three things - technology (web 2.0), demographics (young people are described as 'digital natives' - they have grown up in a collaborative virtual world which to them is natural and instinctive) and economics (development of a global economy where business can, and must, think of its market as an international, given that traditional, national production structures have declined as we have entered the knowledge economy) - results in a perfect storm, which creates such a force that is impossible, so any media company trying to operate without web 2.0 will be like a small fishing boat n the sea during this freak meteorological occurrence.'
An example of this is stores which have online websites for example Debenhams